Openwrt固件编译（网件路由器netgear R6260）
一、操作系统安装
- 安装ubuntu20.04lts操作系统
- 设置时区
root@ubuntu:~# timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai- 增加非root用户（openwrt编译过程最好不要用root用户）
root@ubuntu:~# adduser pangzhai
Adding user `pangzhai' ...
Adding new group `pangzhai' (1001) ...
Adding new user `pangzhai' (1001) with group `pangzhai' ...
Creating home directory `/home/pangzhai' ...
Copying files from `/etc/skel' ...
New password:
Retype new password:
passwd: password updated successfully
Changing the user information for pangzhai
Enter the new value, or press ENTER for the default
Full Name []: panghz^H^[[3~
Room Number []: abc
Work Phone []: abc
Home Phone []: abc
Other []: abc
chfn: name with non-ASCII characters: 'pangh'
Is the information correct? [Y/n] y
root@ubuntu:~# adduser pangzhai sudo
Adding user `pangzhai' to group `sudo' ...
Adding user pangzhai to group sudo
Done.二、编译涉及的软件包安装
- 用pangzhai用户登陆
- 设置国内源（采用阿里源）
pangzhai@ubuntu:~$ sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list_bak
[sudo] password for pangzhai:
pangzhai@ubuntu:~$ sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.listdeb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security multiverse- 更新源索引并安装依赖
pangzhai@ubuntu:/etc/apt$ sudo apt-get update
Hit:1 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu focal InRelease
Get:2 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu focal-updates InRelease [114 kB]
Get:3 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu focal-backports InRelease [108 kB]
Get:4 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu focal-security InRelease [114 kB]
Get:5 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu focal-updates/universe amd64 Packages [915 kB]
Fetched 1,251 kB in 1s (1,618 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
pangzhai@ubuntu:/etc/apt$ sudo apt-get -y install build-essential asciidoc binutils bzip2 gawk gettext \
> git libncurses5-dev libz-dev patch python3.5 unzip zlib1g-dev lib32gcc1 \
> libc6-dev-i386 subversion flex uglifyjs git-core gcc-multilib p7zip \
> p7zip-full msmtp libssl-dev texinfo libglib2.0-dev xmlto qemu-utils \
> upx libelf-dev autoconf automake libtool autopoint device-tree-compiler \
> g++-multilib antlr3 gperf ccache mercurial cmake libjpeg8-dev三、Openwrt工程下载并修改分支
- 切换到用户根目录
- 下载openwrt源码
pangzhai@ubuntu:/etc/apt$ cd
pangzhai@ubuntu:~$ git clone https://git.openwrt.org/openwrt/openwrt.git
Cloning into 'openwrt'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 101726, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (150/150), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (104/104), done.
remote: Total 101726 (delta 64), reused 119 (delta 42), pack-reused 101576
Receiving objects: 100% (101726/101726), 268.76 MiB | 13.88 MiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (54652/54652), done.
Updating files: 100% (12443/12443), done.- 进入工程目录
- 查看分支情况（git branch -a）
- 切换所需要的分支（git tag查看分支列表，git checkout 切换分支）
- 注：切换过程如果和本地版本冲突，可执行提交操作（git stash)
pangzhai@ubuntu:~/openwrt$ git branch -a
pangzhai@ubuntu:~/openwrt$ git tag
pangzhai@ubuntu:~/openwrt$ git stash
pangzhai@ubuntu:~/openwrt$ git checkout v21.02.1四、添加所需包进行编译
- 添加所需的feed源
pangzhai@ubuntu:~$ cd /home/pangzhai/openwrt/
pangzhai@ubuntu:~/openwrt$ vi feeds.conf.default src-git packages https://github.com/coolsnowwolf/packages
src-git luci https://github.com/coolsnowwolf/luci
src-git routing https://git.openwrt.org/feed/routing.git
src-git telephony https://git.openwrt.org/feed/telephony.git
src-git kenzo https://github.com/kenzok8/openwrt-packages
src-git small https://github.com/kenzok8/small
- 更新并安装软件包（此过程可重复执行，出现warning可再执行一次，有些补丁包）
pangzhai@ubuntu:~/openwrt$ ./scripts/feeds update -a && ./scripts/feeds install -a- 配置固件及内核
pangzhai@ubuntu:~/openwrt$ make menuconfig - 首次编译选择硬件型号及版本即可
- 软件包、驱动包、内核包可根据需要勾选
- 保存后生成.config配置文件
- 鉴于部分安装包或者依赖太遥远，先进行下载操作，下载无误后再编译
- 该操作主要是下载文件，文件存储目录为/home/pangzhai/openwrt/dl
- 如果程序自动下载失败，可手动下载放入该目录
- 为方便国内网友使用，参考（https://repository.pangzhai.cn/dl/）
make download V=s- 最后一步执行编译操作（建议先多线程编译，出错后单线程找问题）
- make -j1 V=s IGNORE_ERRORS=m (-j1代表单线程，V=s输出详细日志，忽略只编译出错的包）
make -j1 V=s IGNORE_ERRORS=m五、重新编译
- 生成的固件及安装包在/home/pangzhai/openwrt/bin下
- 如果需要再次编译，删除/home/pangzhai/openwrt/tmp 及/home/pangzhai/openwrt/.config文件
- 重新make menuconfig
- make clean 清除前面编译的文件，免得出错
- make -j5 V=s
- 以上只是简单的固件编译步骤，特殊需求及详细定制化需要摸索，熟能生巧！
- 编译的过程各种意外出错，非常邪乎，习以为常即可！
六、FAQ
